Examinando por Autor "Aulicino, Mónica"
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Acceso Abierto Antagonism of entomopathogenic fungi by Bacillus spp. Associated with the integument of cicadellids and delphacids(Spanish Society for Microbiology, 2015) Toledo, Andrea Vanesa; López, Silvina Marianela Yanil; Aulicino, Mónica; Remes Lenicov, Ana María de; Balatti, Pedro AlbertoEntomopathogenic fungi are potential tools to biocontrol cicadellids and delphacids, two groups of insects that cause extensive damage to agricultural crops. However, bacteria living on the host cuticle may inhibit fungal growth. In the present work, following the molecular characterization of 10 strains of Bacillus isolated from the integument of cicadellids and delphacids, we selected isolates of the fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae that are resistant to the antimicrobials secreted by these bacterial strains. The antagonistic activity of the 10 bacterial isolates belonging to the genus Bacillus (i.e., B. amyloliquefaciens, B. pumilus, and B. subtilis) against 41 isolates of Bea. bassiana and 20 isolates of M. anisopliae was investigated in vitro on tryptic soy agar using the central disk test. With this approach, isolates of Bea. bassiana and M. anisopliae resistant to antagonistic bacteria were identified that can be further developed as biological control agents. - Artículo
Acceso Abierto Caracterización genética de cuatro poblaciones de ovinos criollos de Argentina(Sociedad Argentina de Genética, 2017) Peña, Sabrina; Martínez, A.; Villegas Castagnasso, Egle; Aulicino, Mónica; Género, Enrique; Giovambattista, Guillermo; Martínez, Rubén DaríoCreole sheep are the founders of sheep farming in Argentina and have contributed in a sustained way to the economic, social and cultural development of some regions of this country. However, it is a scarcely valorised and poorly studied genetic resource. In order to genetically characterize the Argentinian Creole sheep, DNA samples were taken from four representative populations located in the provinces of Buenos Aires, Corrientes, Santiago del Estero and Salta. These flocks were selected because they are considered to be conserved groups, they have the phenotypic characteristics of the creole breed and there are no records about the introduction of animals of other breeds into those systems. A total of 30 microsatellites and the D-loop region of mitochondrial DNA were analysed. Microsatellite analysis showed high level of genetic diversity within populations (Ho= 0.676; He= 0.685; PIC= 0.713). This variability is explained by differences between molecular patterns of the studied individuals, which can be classified into three significantly different population groups: BA, SA, SE+CO. Since these populations explain very little of the total variability (7.6%), it can be considered that they belong to a same race. The analysis of the mitochondrial D-loop showed that Argentinian Creole sheep have haplotypes belonging to the Asian haplogroup, which is widely distributed in the Spanish breeds, which are considered to be their ancestors. The results obtained in the present study will provide information to develop management criteria for this genetic resource in Argentina, in order to implement their conservation, recovery and/or to develop breeding programs. - Artículo
Embargado Pseudopithomyces chartarum associated with wheat seeds in Argentina, pathogenicity and evaluation of toxigenic ability(2017) Perelló, Analía; Aulicino, Mónica; Stenglein, Sebastián; Moreno, María VirginiaArgentina is one of the top 10 world producers and exporters of wheat. In routine surveys of wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) in Buenos Aires Province, Argentina, a new disease was observed in 2012 on seeds of wheat cv. Buck Meteoro. Symptomatic grains (black points) and leaves (chlorosis and spots) were collected during the spring of that year. The objectives of the present study were to identify the causal agent, to investigate its pathogenicity in relation to nine wheat cultivars and to identify the secondary metabolites produced by fungus. Symptomatic grains were plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Morphological characterization of colonies and sequencing of the ITS region after DNA extraction identified it asPseudopithomyces chartarum. For pathogenicity tests, two different isolates, P221 and P224, were inoculated on seedlings of nine wheat cultivars, which showed different disease symptoms, % of grain germination (GG), % of grain discoloration (GD) and % of weak seedlings (WS), suggesting different levels of response againstPseudopithomyces chartarum.Particularly B. Meteoro, Buck Guapo and Klein Proteo cultivars demonstrated major infection tolerance for GD and WS. In contrast, Sy 100 and Klein Pantera were most affected showing weakness, chlorosis, or reduced length of coleoptile, and 50% of necrotic symptoms.Pseudopithomyces chartarumisolates produced secondary metabolites including alternariol, alternariol mono-methyl ether, altertoxin I and altertoxine II. The fungus is a new pathogen of wheat in Argentina that can cause diseases on different cultivars as well as produce mycotoxins.