A good portion of the pampa” territory (center - eastern región of Argentina) is covered by ponds, whose existence is related to alternating periods of water excess and droughts, which define their structure and ecological function. Those able to support silverside fish population (Odontesthes bonariensis) can potentially be used for sportfishing, with profits comparable to those of agriculture and cattle-raising activities. Unfortunately local communities have not been able to appreciate such a potential productivity, which has led to an underestimation of those water resources. Such situation is mirrored by an overexploitation of the fishes as well as the lack of development policies by the Federal Government.